Question
(a) What is the study of demography?
(2)
(b) List THREE factors that may bring about changes in the population size of a country and
explain how an 'increase' in any of these factors may affect the size of the population.
(6)
(c) List THREE categories by which one can analyse the structure of a population and in each
case explain why government or firms can find such information useful.
(6)
Answer
(a) Study of demography is the scientific study of human populations, including their size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics.
(b) Three factors that may bring about changes in the population size of a country are birth rate, death rate, and migration. An increase in birth rate may lead to an increase in population size, while an increase in death rate may lead to a decrease in population size. An increase in migration may also affect population size, as it can either increase or decrease the population depending on the direction of migration.
(c) Three categories by which one can analyze the structure of a population are age, gender, and education level. Governments or firms can find such information useful as it can help them plan for future needs, such as healthcare, education, and workforce development. For example, knowing the age distribution of a population can help governments plan for retirement and healthcare needs, while knowing the education level can help firms plan for future workforce needs.